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Homeowners
Insurance Coverage FAQs
What
is homeowners insurance and who should buy this type of coverage?
Homeowners
insurance is one of the most popular forms of personal lines of
insurance on the market today. The typical homeowners policy has
two main sections: Section I covers the property of the insured
and Section II provides personal liability coverage to the insured.
Almost anyone who owns or leases property has a need for this type
of insurance. And many times, homeowners insurance is required by
the lender as part of the requirements in obtaining a mortgage.
What
is the difference between "actual cash
value" and "replacement cost"?
Covered
losses under a homeowners policy can be paid on either an actual
cash value basis or on a replacement cost basis. When "actual
cash value" is used, the policyowner is entitled to the depreciated
value of the damaged property. Under the "replacement cost"
coverage, the policyowner is reimbursed an amount necessary to replace
the article with one of similar type and quality at current prices.
What
are the policy limits (i.e., coverage limits)
in the standard
homeowners policy?
Note:
this answer is based on the Insurance Services Office's HO-3 policy.
Coverages A and B provide protection to the dwelling and other structures
on the premises on an all risks basis up to the policy limits. The
policy limit for Coverage A is set by the policyowner at the time
the insurance is purchased. The policy limit for Coverage B is usually
equal to 10% of the policy limit on property on a named perils basis.
The policy limit on Coverage C is equal to 50% of the policy limit
on Coverage A. Coverage D covers the additional expenses that the
policyowner may incur when the residence cannot be used because
of an insured loss. The policy limit for Coverage D is equal to
20% of the policy limit on Coverage A. The coverage limit on Coverage
E - Personal Liability - is determined by the policyowner at the
time the policy is issued. The coverage limit on Coverage F - Medical
Payments to Others - is usually set at $1000 per injured person.
Where
and when is my personal property covered?
Coverage
C, which provides named perils coverage, applies to all your personal
property (except property that is specifically excluded) anywhere
in the world. For example, suppose that while traveling, you purchased
a dresser and you want to ship it home. Your homeowners policy would
provide coverage for the named perils while the dresser is in transit
- even though the dresser has never been in your home before.
Do
I need earthquake insurance?
Direct
damages due to earthquakes are not covered under the standard homeowners
insurance policy. However, unless you live in an area that is prone
to earthquakes, you probably do not need this coverage. If you do
live in a part of the country with high earthquake activity you
may want to consider adding an earthquake endorsement to your homeowners
insurance policy. This endorsement will cover damages due to earthquakes,
landslides, volcanic eruptions and other earth movements.
What
factors should I consider when purchasing
homeowners insurance?
There
are a number of factors you should consider when purchasing any
product or service, and insurance is no different. Here is a checklist
of thing you should consider when you purchase homeowners insurance.
First and foremost, purchase the amount and type of insurance that
you need. Remember that if your policy limit is less than 80% of
the replacement cost of your home, any loss payment from your insurance
company will be subject to a coinsurance penalty. Also, determine
the amount of personal property insurance and personal liability
coverage that you need. Second, determine which, if any, additional
endorsements you want to add to your policy. For example, do you
want the personal property replacement cost endorsement or the earthquake
endorsement? Finally, once you have decided on the coverage you
want in your homeowners insurance policy, you can now decide which
insurer you would like to purchase the insurance from. Some people
like the idea of purchasing insurance from a mutual company rather
than a stock company. You should also decide whether you would like
an insurance agent to assist you in your purchasing decision or
if you would like to buy the product directly from an insurer without
the assistance of an agent.
What
is the difference between an "all
risks" policy and a
"named perils" policy?
A
named perils policy covers losses that are due to only those perils
listed in the policy. The perils typically covered include fire,
windstorm, hail, and other direct physical losses. An all risks
policy covers losses that are due to any peril except those specifically
excluded in the policy. It is important to note that all risks policies
provide broader protection than do named perils policies.
What
can I do to lower the cost of my homeowners
insurance?
There
are a number of things you can do to lower the cost of your homeowners
insurance. The best thing to do is to shop around. It is not surprising
to find quotes on homeowners insurance that vary by hundreds of
dollars for the same coverage on the same home. When you shop, be
careful to make sure each insurer is offering the same coverage.
Many insurers use the ISO policy forms, but this is not always the
case. Another way to lower the cost of your homeowners insurance
is to look for any discounts that you may qualify for. For example,
many insurers will offer a discount when you place both your automobile
and homeowners insurance with them. Other times, insurers offer
discounts if there are deadbolt exterior locks on all your doors,
or if your home has a security system. Be sure to ask your agent
or company about any discounts that you may qualify for. Another
easy way to lower the cost of your homeowners insurance is to raise
your deductible. Increasing your deductible from $250 to $500 will
lower your premium, sometimes by as much as 5 or 10 percent. However,
be careful to make sure that you have the financial resources necessary
to handle the larger deductible.
If
I have an accident which I think is covered
under my homeowners policy, what should I do?
Insurance
contracts are conditional contracts, which means that policyowners
have certain duties that they must perform if a covered loss occurs.
Failure to complete these actions can, and sometimes does, result
in non-payment by the insurance company for losses that otherwise
would have been covered. Required duties include: (1) notifying
the insurance company or the agent that a loss has occurred - this
should be done as soon as you discover the loss; (2) protecting
the property from further damage and/or making any repairs necessary
to prevent further damage; (3) preparing a detailed list of the
personal items damaged which contains a description of the items,
their actual cash value, or their replacement cost if you have added
the replacement cost endorsement to your policy; (4) being prepared
to show the company and/or the insurance agent the damaged items;
(5) completing a a statement for the insurance company that details
the events that led to the loss - for example, the time the damage
occurred, the cause of the losses, etc.
Who
pays for my legal defense costs if I am sued?
In
the unfortunate event that you are sued, your homeowners policy
will not only cover the cost of your legal defense, but your insurance
company will also provide the legal counsel.
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